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Using Spring Boot OAuth2 for Secure Application Development

As apps grow more complex, so does managing security. Explore how OAuth2 is implemented in Spring Boot applications and the key considerations that underpin secure communication between services.

20-minute readContinue Reading
Joe Cavazos

Joe Cavazos

Joe is a principal Java developer with more than 14 years of experience building enterprise applications with Spring Boot. He has held senior engineering and architecture roles across a range of industries, including at IBM-acquired Apptio, Anthem Blue Cross Blue Shield, and most recently Okta, where he worked on identity-focused development projects.

Salesforce Data Migration Guide: Steps, Tools, and Best Practices

Build a lasting Salesforce foundation with a proven data migration framework, practical tooling guidance, and best practices to ensure clean data, efficient deployment, and long-term success.

24-minute readContinue Reading
Shivam Kapoor

Shivam Kapoor

Shivam is a senior Salesforce consultant and full-stack developer specializing in CRM transformation, data migration, and automation across clouds. Previously part of Salesforce’s internal consulting team, he has extensive experience designing scalable data architectures and integrations using Apex and custom Lightning components. He also works with Agentforce and CRM Analytics to help enterprises accelerate decision-making and drive measurable ROI through stronger customer engagement and retention.

React State Management Libraries: Top Tools and How to Choose One

Uncover the importance of deliberate state management in React applications and how to select tools that align with your team’s scalability and architectural needs.

20-minute readContinue Reading
Teimur Gasanov

Teimur Gasanov

Teimur is a software engineer with more than 10 years of experience building React applications. He partners with clients to design high-performing, scalable solutions and has held senior roles at a diverse range of companies, including at global fintech organization Klarna and most recently for AI-driven startup Speechify.

Angular vs. React: Which Is Better for Modern Front-end Development?

React still leads adoption, but Angular is more viable than ever. This in-depth comparison explains what’s changed, where each excels, and how to choose the right front-end framework or library based on team constraints, not hype.

23-minute readContinue Reading
Tomas Holas

Tomas Holas

Tomas is a web developer with extensive experience designing and scaling front-end architectures across React and Angular. He has led framework evaluations, application rewrites, and performance-focused refactors for production systems. Known for his business-focused approach, Tomas prioritizes simplicity, maintainability, and making clear architectural trade-offs.

gRPC vs. REST: Key Differences, Performance, and Use Cases

Trying to decide between gRPC and REST? This guide goes beyond surface comparisons to focus on the performance and operational trade-offs that determine which API framework is right for your next build.

23-minute readContinue Reading
Laszlo Gyori

Laszlo Gyori

Laszlo is a solutions architect and senior software engineer with deep expertise in microservices, gRPC, REST, and large-scale distributed systems. He has led high-traffic modernization projects across travel, finance, and lifestyle management, working on systems that handle more than 1 billion requests per day and designing cloud-based solutions on Azure and AWS. He holds a master’s degree in IT from the Budapest University of Technology and Economics.

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Python Logging Handlers: A Deep Dive Into Types, Configuration, and Best Practices

Python’s logging system goes far beyond basic message output. This guide explores handlers, structured logging, performance trade-offs, and real-world patterns for building production-ready logging pipelines.

25-minute readContinue Reading
Camille Potard

Camille Potard

Camille is a senior software developer who builds robust desktop and real-time systems for global clients including e-on software, Hitachi, and Alstom. Specializing in Python, C, and C++, he has delivered solutions for railway systems, power infrastructure, video and imaging, 3D software, and web platforms.

How AI Medical Imaging Is Powering Precision Healthcare

Artificial intelligence is revolutionizing how medical images are acquired, analyzed, and interpreted. The transformation ushers in a new era of data-driven diagnostics and faster, more personalized patient care.

17-minute readContinue Reading
Martin Elias Costa

Martin Elias Costa

Martin is a data scientist and AI engineer specializing in machine learning. After completing his Ph.D. in physics, he developed AI-powered tools and data products using diverse data types, including images, geospatial inputs, and natural language. He also built and deployed an end-to-end pipeline for medical imaging analysis, now in clinical use across Argentina, Brazil, and Chile.

The 10 Most Effective Shopify Tools for E-commerce Development, From an Ex-Shopify Engineering Leader

Shopify is the most widely used e-commerce platform for building and managing sophisticated online stores. This guide explores advanced developer tools and strategies designed to refine and optimize your Shopify development workflow.

15-minute readContinue Reading
Alex Massaad

Alex Massaad

Alex is a seasoned software engineer and manager with expertise in implementing scalable and reliable applications. He is well-versed in Ruby on Rails and React, as well as cloud technologies like AWS and Azure. Alex specializes in Shopify development and was previously a leader on Shopify’s engineering team for more than 10 years.

Strategies for Structuring and Scaling High-performance Data Labeling Teams

Quality annotation is crucial for accurate and useful AI. Learn how to structure and train effective labeling teams that leverage human insight to create robust datasets for machine learning success.

12-minute readContinue Reading
Akshay Lamba

Akshay Lamba

Akshay is a software developer, CTO, and technical lead with full-stack, web, mobile, and machine-learning expertise. He has deep experience solving real-word problems with AI, and has developed AI algorithms for blood tests to improve diagnostics accuracy and patient outcomes.

Automatic Speech Recognition: A Comprehensive Guide Featuring Expert Perspectives

AI-driven speech recognition technology is set to reshape customer service, healthcare, and the legal sector. Explore the latest features and applications in this discussion with two leaders in the field.

15-minute readContinue Reading
Alessandro Pedori

Alessandro Pedori

Alessandro is a full-stack artificial intelligence, natural language processing, and machine learning engineer. An experienced consultant and architect, he specializes in language technology and AI. He has more than 10 years of experience in NLP and AI, and is the co-founder and CTO of IFS Collective, a company focusing on the use of AI to support talk therapy.

Fine-tuning LLMs for Your Industry: Optimal Data Labeling Strategies

LLMs have a vast knowledge base, but training them with domain-specific data can extend their capabilities to specialized industries and tasks. This article delves into data labeling for fine-tuning and includes a step-by-step tutorial for training GPT-4o.

18-minute readContinue Reading
Jedrzej Kardach

Jedrzej Kardach

Jedrzej is a machine learning engineer who specializes in AI and data science. He has delivered several NLP-based classification algorithms and reinforcement learning solutions to clients, and has worked alongside researchers at Princeton University developing ML and data analytics tools. Jedrzej has partnered with clients in multiple industries, including service, finance, and insurance.

Advanced Data Labeling Methods: From Hybrid Approaches to LLMs

It’s crucial to balance accuracy and efficiency when labeling datasets for machine learning—especially when LLMs are involved. In this article we explore a variety of techniques and assess the optimal labeling methods for different projects.

15-minute readContinue Reading
Neven Pičuljan

Neven Pičuljan

Neven is an artificial intelligence engineer with extensive experience in machine learning, computer vision, algorithms, and a range of AI-related technologies. Prior to founding an AI R&D consulting company, Neven helped create and train cutting-edge computer vision models used by healthcare, e-commerce, real estate, and financial services companies across the globe.

Architecting Effective Data Labeling Systems for Machine Learning Pipelines

Machine learning models are trained on massive datasets in which each data point is labeled to give it context and meaning. This deep dive describes how to build a data labeling architecture from scratch, with a focus on workflow, security, and data quality.

16-minute readContinue Reading
Reza Fazeli

Reza Fazeli

Reza is a machine learning engineer specializing in natural language processing and computer vision. At IBM, he developed machine learning algorithms designed to improve text classification and automate model training, innovations that resulted in six patents. Reza has a master’s degree in engineering from the University of Toronto.

Theory, Tools, and Business Applications: An In-depth Look at Quantum Computing

Quantum computing is challenging the realities of technology, security, and industry as we know them. Here, we investigate the nuances of quantum mechanics and how to enter the world of quantum software development with tools such as Cirq and TensorFlow Quantum.

22-minute readContinue Reading
Joao Diogo de Oliveira

Joao Diogo de Oliveira

Joao is an AI developer who holds a Quantum Excellence Certificate from IBM. He specializes in machine learning and deep learning and has partnered with Fortune 100 companies like Procter & Gamble and Hearst. Joao has more than 14 years of experience and holds a master’s degree in computer engineering from the University of Porto.

Increase Developer Productivity With Generative AI: Tips From Leading Software Engineers

Generative AI is revolutionizing how software developers write code. In this article, three Toptal developers share how they’re using Gen AI in their daily work and offer actionable advice for others who want to utilize this nascent technology.

13-minute readContinue Reading
Sam Sycamore

Sam Sycamore

Sam Sycamore is a Senior Editor of Engineering at Toptal and an open-source web developer. He has more than a decade of experience as a writer and editor across several industries, and has worked with international tech startups and digital product agencies to provide software documentation, educational resources, and multimedia marketing content.

Using an LLM API As an Intelligent Virtual Assistant for Python Development

With proper instruction, LLMs can be highly effective coding assistants. This step-by-step guide shows you how to generate a call to an external API using Python and the OpenAI API.

16-minute readContinue Reading
Tarek Mohamed Mehrez

Tarek Mohamed Mehrez

Tarek is a software and data engineer specializing in machine learning, software architecture, DevOps, and back-end development. He has served as CTO of Thndr, a company backed by Y Combinator, and has published several research papers on machine learning. Tarek has a master’s degree in computational linguistics from the University of Stuttgart.

Toptal Engineering Expert

Gabriel is a highly efficient and reliable professional who possesses a broad skill set for web application development. He's been working on a range of products and clients—from working on scalability problems in production engineering teams at Shopify and Autodesk to launching new applications for startups. Most of his work consists of leading technical teams, by creating an easy development environment, fixing technical debts, providing best practices code examples, and mentoring devs.
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