Toptal Engineering Expert
How to Leverage BLoC for Code Sharing in Flutter and AngularDart
Code reuse turns lazy developers into efficient geniuses. Imagine if you could write the majority of your code once and run it on the web and native mobile—both iOS and Android.
In this article, Toptal Freelance Dart Developer Marko Perutović introduces us to the BLoC pattern, whereby you can isolate your business logic in pure Dart and reuse it in both Flutter and AngularDart.

Marko Perutović
Marko has 13+ years of experience with different technologies and team leadership. When coding, he loves to “keep it short and simple.”
As a JS Developer, ES6 Classes Are What Keep Me Up at Night
JavaScript is an oddball of a language with numerous approaches to almost any problem. When ES6 added the “class” keyword, did it save the day or just muddy the waters? In this article, Toptal Freelance JavaScript Developer Justen Robertson explores OOP in modern JS.

Justen Robertson
Justen has a decade of full-stack JavaScript experience working with the likes of Taylor Swift and the Red Hot Chili Peppers.
Trello vs. Jira: Compared From a Developer’s Perspective
Project management tools have dramatically transformed the way software is engineered, but which one should you use, and when?
In this article, Toptal Freelance Developer Juan Carlos Arias Ambriz outlines the differences between Jira and Trello and explains how you should choose between them.

Juan Carlos Arias Ambriz
Juan is a front-end engineer, developer, and architect with over a decade of experience in UX development. He has collaborated with high-profile clients, including Meta, where his commitment to enhancing UX produced world-class responsive designs, e-commerce platforms, and interactive applications.
Ethereum Oracle Contracts: Can We Trust the Oracle?
The whole point of smart contracts is that they need to be more secure and efficient than traditional contracts. So where do smart contract oracles fit in?
In the final installment of our three-part series, Toptal Blockchain Developer John R. Kosinski explains the role of oracles in the evolution of trust.

John R. Kosinski
As a full-stack dev for nearly two decades, John’s worked with IoT, Blockchain, web, and mobile projects using C/C++, .NET, SQL, and JS.
Top-level Control With Redux State Management: A ClojureScript Tutorial
ClojureScript is the tool of choice for front-end developers who have tried it. Recently in this series, we showed how to use it to get started with React. In today’s tutorial, Toptal Freelance Clojure Developer Luke Tomlin dives into how to use Redux for React state management in ClojureScript.

Luke Tomlin
With a Master’s in CS and mathematics, Luke specializes in functional programming. A Google internship launched his powerhouse dev career.
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Working With Static Patterns: A Swift MVVM Tutorial
Real-time data-driven apps create new challenges in the way we structure our programs, especially on mobile. In this article, Toptal Freelance iOS Developer Lucas van Dongen implements an iOS chat app, comparing the classic MVC approach with a static immutable MVVM pattern.

Lucas van Dongen
A mobile developer and teacher, Lucas has built not only iOS apps but also back-end APIs using Swift, Objective-C, Python, Elixir, and C#.
Terraform AWS Cloud: Sane Infrastructure Management
Writing an application is only part of the story. In order for it to be of value, it needs deploying somewhere it can scale; it has to run with high availability, have backups, and so on. Deployment and infrastructure management isn’t a simple process. And Terraform does nothing to hide the complexity. However, it does make your infrastructure declarative and reproducible, like your code.
In this article, Toptal Freelance DevOps Engineer Radosław Szalski teaches us what Terraform is, how its components work, and how to configure an entire AWS Cloud solution in minutes using its configuration language.

Radosław Szalski
Radosław is a Python enthusiast and full-stack developer with over half a decade of professional experience engineering web apps.
Is It Time to Use Node 8?
Node 8 has brought significant performance and feature upgrades. Should you use it on new projects? Is it worth upgrading existing codebases? In this article, Toptal Freelance JavaScript Developer Youssef Sherif gives a tour of Node 8’s biggest changes and what they mean for your project.

Yoosif Sherif
Youssef has utilized React, Angular, NodeJS, and Python to build sophisticated web apps, API services, and machine learning applications.
Ethereum Oracle Contracts: Solidity Code Features
Solidity is the programming language of choice for Ethereum and the de facto industry standard for smart contract development.
In the second article of our three-part series, Toptal Blockchain Developer John R. Kosinski takes a closer look at Solidity quirks and features, explaining how to make the most of it.

John R. Kosinski
As a full-stack dev for nearly two decades, John’s worked with IoT, Blockchain, web, and mobile projects using C/C++, .NET, SQL, and JS.
Option/Maybe, Either, and Future Monads in JavaScript, Python, Ruby, Swift, and Scala
If you’re searching for the holy grail of bug-free code in JavaScript, Python, Ruby, Swift, and/or Scala, look no further! This monad tutorial by Toptal Freelance Functional Programmer Alexey Karasev takes you from category theory to the practical implementations of the Option/Maybe, Either, and Future monads, plus a sample program—in all five languages.

Alexey Karasev
Alexey (MEcon) is skilled in several languages and prefers functional programming, particularly Scala, to lower time wasted hunting bugs.
Ethereum Oracle Contracts: Setup and Orientation
Oracles are changing the way we view and create smart contracts. How do we implement them in Ethereum, using nothing but Solidity and standard dev tools?
In the first article of our three-part series, Toptal Blockchain Developer John R. Kosinski explains how to get started and compile a smart contract with oracles.

John R. Kosinski
As a full-stack dev for nearly two decades, John’s worked with IoT, Blockchain, web, and mobile projects using C/C++, .NET, SQL, and JS.
Collusion: Nearby Device Networking with MultipeerConnectivity in iOS
Traditionally, connecting devices for peer-to-peer communications has been a tedious task: An application needs to discover what’s around it, open connections on both sides, and then maintain them as network infrastructure, connections, distances, etc. Realizing the difficulties inherent in these activities, in iOS 7 and macOS 10.10 Apple introduced its MultipeerConnectivity framework.
Join Toptal Freelance iOS Developer Ben Gottlieb as he explains what MultipeerConnectivity is, and teaches us how to use it.

Ben Gottlieb
Ben has been an iOS developer for the entire life of the platform and has worked on mobile devices for more than 20 years.
An Introductory Robot Programming Tutorial
Let’s face it, robots are cool. In this post, Toptal Engineer Nick McCrea provides a step-by-step, easy-to-follow tutorial (with code samples) that walks you through the process of building a basic autonomous mobile robot.

Nick McCrea
Nicholas is a professional software engineer with a passion for quality craftsmanship. He loves architecting and writing top-notch code.
ERC20 Token Tutorial
The humble ERC20 token specification has become the de facto standard for Ethereum tokens. If you come across an Ethereum smart contract, chances are it’s ERC20-compliant.
In this guide, Toptal Freelance Ethereum Developer Gilad Haimov demonstrates how you can create and deploy your own ERC20 token in under an hour.

Gilad Haimov
Gilad has 19+ years of Android experience in developing mobile, server-side, and communication systems.
5 Things You Have Never Done With a REST Specification
The existence of RESTful APIs is a popular myth in web development—but it’s a myth we can work with. The right tools can help keep documentation consistent and streamline automated testing. In this article, Toptal Freelance JavaScript Developer Alexander Zinchuk explores several time-saving approaches to developing REST APIs, with examples in Node.js and Ruby on Rails.

Alexander Zinchuk
Alex’s decade-plus of JS coding has taught him the language’s internals. He’s lead a dev team for Yandex and built fault-tolerant systems.
Hold the Framework: Exploring Dependency Injection Patterns
There are two dominant patterns of implementation for inversion of control. Which one is better, and is there a middle path to be found between them? How should you approach IoC to get the most out of your code?
Join Toptal Java Developer Martin Coll in exploring the familiar and unknown landscape of IoC development.

Martin Coll
Martin is an all-around full-stack developer with years of experience in a wide range of technologies including Java, C#, Python and others.
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