Toptal Blog
The Toptal Blog is the top hub for developers, designers, management consultants, executives, and entrepreneurs, featuring key technology updates, tutorials, freelancer resources, and management insights.
Featured in
World-class articles, delivered weekly.
Credit Card Hacks: With Some Tricks, Hacked Card Numbers Are Still, Still Googleable
In 2007, Bennett Haselton revealed a minor hack with major implications: querying ranges of numbers on Google would return pages of sensitive information, including Credit Card numbers, Social Security numbers, and more. While Haselton’s hack was addressed and patched, I was able to tweak his original technique to bypass Google’s filter and return the same old dangerous results.
Toptal Talent Network Experts
A Step-by-step Tutorial for Your First AngularJS App
If you haven’t tried AngularJS yet, you’re missing out. The framework consists of a tightly integrated toolset that will help you build well structured, rich client-side applications in a modular fashion—with less code and more flexibility.
One of the reasons I love working with AngularJS is because of its flexibility regarding server communication. Like most JavaScript MVC frameworks, it lets you work with any server-side technology as long as it can serve your app through a RESTful web API. But Angular also provides services on top of XHR that dramatically simplify your code and allow you to abstract API calls into reusable services. As a result, you can move your model and business logic to the front-end and build back-end agnostic web apps. In this AngularJS tutorial, we’ll do just that, one step at a time.

Raoni Boaventura
Raoni’s BCS and decade of web-dev experience have seen him lead and contribute to a wealth of projects using RoR, JS, and PHP, among others.
Responsive Web Design Media Query Examples Explained
RWD allows a site to adapt for optimal viewing on a variety of devices that range in size based on a media query for mobile and other screen widths. Nowadays, your website will be visited by a wide variety of devices: desktops with large monitors, mid-sized laptops, tablets, smartphones, and more. To achieve an optimal user experience, your site should be adjusting its layout in response to these varied devices (i.e., to their varied screen resolutions and dimensions).

Tomislav Krnic
Tomislav is a freelance web developer and designer with over 10 years of experience working independently and as a project leader.
Why Writing Software Design Documents Matters
If you’re an experienced developer, you’ve probably progressed from being a humble tester to a senior developer, and if you’re a freelancer, you’ve made another leap, perhaps the biggest of them all, when you started working with clients directly.
Some clients aren’t in the software business; they’re in an entirely different industry that needs a piece of software, and they don’t have a clear and precise vision of what they want from you. This is a far greater challenge than it appears, and here’s what you can do to improve client communication and project documentation.

Christopher J Fox
Chris has a BSc and 25+ years of development experience, including senior engineering positions at Microsoft and RealNetworks.
Hunting Java Memory Leaks
Inexperienced programmers often think that Java’s automatic garbage collection frees them from the burden of memory management. This is a common misperception: while the garbage collector does its best, it’s entirely possible for even the best programmer to fall prey to crippling memory leaks.
In this post, I’ll explain how and why memory leaks occur in Java and outline an approach for detecting such leaks with the help of a visual interface.

Jose Ferreirade Souza Filho
Jose is a developer with 12+ years of experience in the development, migration, and integration of software and efficient architectures.
Why Are There So Many Pythons? A Python Implementation Comparison
Python is amazing.
Surprisingly, that’s a fairly ambiguous statement. What do I mean by ‘Python’? Do I mean Python the abstract interface? Do I mean CPython, the common Python implementation? Or do I mean something else entirely? Maybe I’m obliquely referring to Jython, or IronPython, or PyPy. Or maybe I’ve really gone off the deep end and I’m talking about RPython or RubyPython (which are very, very different things).
While the technologies mentioned above are commonly-named and commonly-referenced, some of them serve completely different purposes (or at least operate in completely different ways). In this post, I’ll start from scratch and move through the various Python implementations, concluding with a thorough introduction to PyPy, which I believe is the future of the language.

Charles Marsh
Charlie (BCS, Princeton) has been an engineering lead at Khan Academy, then Cedar, and nowadays does ML at Spring Discovery.
How to Build an Infinite Runner on iOS: Cocos2D, Automation, and More
Building games for the iOS platform can be an enriching experience in terms of both financial and personal growth. Recently, I deployed a Cocos2D-based game to the App Store. In this post, I’ll explain the process behind developing games for iOS, from Cocos2D through to publishing.

Alexey Zankevich
Alexey is a full-stack developer and architect. He has expert knowledge of Python and is strong in Java and Objective-C.
The Trie Data Structure: A Neglected Gem
From the very first days in our lives as programmers, we’ve all dealt with data structures: Arrays, linked lists, trees, sets, stacks and queues are our everyday companions, and the experienced programmer knows when and why to use them.
In this article we’ll see how an oft-neglected data structure, the trie, really shines in application domains with specific features, like word games.

Anna-Chiara Bellini
When Anna started coding at a young age. Since then, her career has spanned many different projects and programming technologies.
Scaling Play! to Thousands of Concurrent Requests
Web Developers often fail to consider the consequences of thousands of users accessing our applications at the same time. Perhaps it’s because we love to rapidly prototype; perhaps it’s because testing such scenarios is simply hard.
Regardless, I’m going to argue that ignoring scalability is not as bad as it sounds—if you use the proper set of tools and follow good development practices. In this case: the Play! framework and the Scala language.

Paulo "JCranky" Siqueira
Paulo’s 19+ years in software development have seen him switch from being a Java senior to a Scala powerhouse. He also has a BCS degree.
Most-read Articles

An Angular 5 Tutorial: Step by Step Guide to Your First Angular 5 App

Adobe XD vs. Sketch – Which UX Tool Is Right for You?

The History of Remote Work, 1560-Present (with Infographic) (Updated)
World-class articles, delivered weekly.
Toptal Developers
- Android Developers
- App Developers
- AWS Developers
- Azure Developers
- BigCommerce Developers
- Blockchain Developers
- Coders
- Database Developers
- Embedded Software Engineers
- Flutter Developers
- HTML5 Developers
- Java Developers
- Joomla Developers
- Kubernetes Developers
- Laravel Developers
- Magento Developers
- .NET Developers
- Next.js Developers
- Odoo Developers
- Outsourced Developers
- PHP Developers
- Power BI Developers
- Prototype Developers
- Python Developers
- React Developers
- React Native Developers
- Remote Developers
- Ruby on Rails Developers
- Salesforce Developers
- Security Engineers
- SharePoint Developers
- Shopify Developers
- Software Developers
- Squarespace Developers
- Startup Developers
- Svelte Developers
- Twilio Developers
- Vue.js Developers
- Web Developers
- Web Scraping Developers
- WooCommerce Developers
- WordPress Developers
- View More Freelance Developers
Toptal Designers
- Accessible Web Designers
- Adobe After Effects Designers
- Adobe Illustrator Experts
- CAD Designers
- Canva Designers
- Data Visualization Designers
- E-commerce UX Designers
- E-commerce Website Designers
- Fintech Designers
- Graphic Designers
- Illustrators
- Interactive Designers
- Landing Page Designers
- Logo Designers
- Mobile App Designers
- Mobile UX Designers
- Photoshop Experts
- Presentation Designers
- Product Designers
- Prototype Designers
- Responsive Web Designers
- Shopify Designers
- Startup Design Experts
- SVG Designers
- UI Designers
- UX Designers
- Web Designers
- Webflow Designers
- WooCommerce Designers
- View More Freelance Designers
Toptal Management Consultants
- 409A Valuation Consultants
- Bankruptcy Consultants
- Blockchain Consultants
- Business Consultants
- Business Plan Writers
- Cash Flow Consultants
- CFO Consultants
- Corporate Finance Consultants
- CPAs
- Crowdfunding Consultants
- Excel Experts
- Financial Consultants
- Financial Managers
- Financial Modelers
- Financial Planning Consultants
- Fintech Consultants
- FP&A Analysts
- Fractional CFOs
- Fractional COOs
- Fundraising Consultants
- Hedge Fund Consultants
- Interim CFOs
- Interim COOs
- Interim Financial Controllers
- M&A Consultants
- Market Research Analysts
- McKinsey Consultants
- Part-time CFOs
- Pitch Deck Consultants
- Pricing Consultants
- Private Equity Consultants
- Quantitative Analysts
- Salesforce Consultants
- Small Business Operations Consultants
- Startup Consultants
- Startup Funding Consultants
- Stock Market Experts
- Tax Professionals
- Virtual CFOs
- View More Freelance Consultants
Toptal Project Managers
- Agile Coaches
- Agile Consultants
- Agile Team Leads
- Blockchain Project Managers
- Business Delivery Managers
- Delivery Managers
- Digital Project Managers
- E-commerce Project Managers
- ITIL Certified Service Delivery Managers
- Jira Experts
- Mobile Project Managers
- Monday.com Experts
- PMP Project Managers
- Program Managers
- Project Management Consultants
- Scrum Coaches
- Scrum Masters
- Solutions Architects
- Startup Project Managers
- Waterfall Project Managers
- Web Project Managers
- Wrike Consultants
- View More Freelance Project Managers
Toptal Product Managers
- Agile Product Managers
- App Product Managers
- Artificial Intelligence Product Managers
- Business Analysts
- Contract Product Managers
- Data Product Managers
- Digital Product Managers
- E-commerce Product Managers
- Finance Product Managers
- Fractional CIOs
- Ideation Consultants
- Interim CPOs
- Outsourced Product Management Professionals
- Principal Product Managers
- Product Consultants
- Product Development Managers
- Product Leaders
- Product Management Consultants
- Remote Product Managers
- Robotics Product Managers
- Scrum Product Managers
- Scrum Product Owners
- Virtual Product Managers
- View More Freelance Product Managers
Toptal Marketing Experts
- Amazon SEO Experts
- Blog Writers
- Community Managers
- Content Managers
- Conversion Rate Optimization Experts
- Copy Editors
- Copywriters
- Customer Journey Mapping Consultants
- Digital Marketers
- Digital Media Specialists
- Display Ads Specialists
- E-commerce Consultants
- E-commerce Marketers
- Event Marketers
- Event Planners
- Fractional CMOs
- Google AdSense Experts
- Google Ads Experts
- Influencer Marketers
- Integrated Marketing Strategists
- Local SEO Experts
- Mailchimp Experts
- On-page SEO Experts
- PPC Experts
- Press Release Writers
- Salesforce Pardot Consultants
- SEO Audit Specialists
- SEO Copywriters
- SEO Experts
- Shopify SEO Experts
- Social Media Managers
- Social Media Marketers
- Video Editors
- Wordpress SEO Experts
- View More Freelance Marketers
Join the Toptal® community.











