Toptal Blog
The Toptal Blog is the top hub for developers, designers, management consultants, executives, and entrepreneurs, featuring key technology updates, tutorials, freelancer resources, and management insights.
Featured in
World-class articles, delivered weekly.
5 Golden Rules for Great Web API Design
Web services and their APIs abound. Unfortunately, the vast majority are difficult to use. Reasons range from poor design, to lack of documentation, to volatility, to unresolved bugs, or in some cases, all of the above.
Follow the guidance in this post to help ensure that your web API is clean, well-documented, and easy-to-use. Such APIs are truly rare and are therefore much more likely to be widely adopted and used.

Jordan Ambra
With past employers that include Coca-Cola, Concentra, and VMWare, Jordan is a top-notch architect, developer, sysadmin, and entrepreneur.
Buggy Code: 10 Common Rails Programming Mistakes
Rails is both easy to use—and also to misuse. Let’s look at 10 common Rails programming mistakes, explore their consequences, and discover ways to steer clear, as we write clean Ruby on Rails code.

Brian VanLoo
Brian is a freelance software developer who delivers a technology value in the corporate world. Expertise with open-source technologies that range from those used in embedded systems to large-scale web applications.
10 Common Web Security Vulnerabilities
Don’t wait for a data breach to happen before making security a priority. This article explains how to set up a proactive web app defense and avoid the top 10 most common security pitfalls.
Toptal Talent Network Experts
Don’t Be Fooled: Calculate the Real Cost of Employees and Consultants
It’s astounding how few business owners properly account for the real cost of their labor. This article presents tried and true methods—including an online calculator—for calculating the real cost of your employees and consultants, enabling you to perform a sound financial analysis when faced with the “employee versus consultant” dilemma.

Hyam Singer
Hyam is a creative and results-oriented leader with skills in product and service organizations, solution innovation and agile development.
Your First AngularJS App Tutorial Part 2: Tools for Scaffolding, Building, and Testing
In this follow-up to his first highly popular AngularJS tutorial, Toptal engineer Raoni Boaventura guides you through the steps of setting up your project, including scaffolding, dependency management, and preparing it for testing.

Raoni Boaventura
Raoni’s BCS and decade of web-dev experience have seen him lead and contribute to a wealth of projects using RoR, JS, and PHP, among others.
Polymer.js: The Future of Web Application Development?
A year after Google’s launch of Polymer, Toptal engineer Alejandro Hernandez takes it out for a test drive to see if it’s yet ready for prime time. This post explores the maturity and stability of Polymer.js as a foundation for large-scale application development. The results and conclusions from this analysis are provided, along with an introductory overview of the technology.

Alejandro Hernandez
Alejandro has a bachelor’s degree in software engineering and 10+ years of experience working for software companies of all sizes.
The 10 Most Common Python Code Mistakes
Python’s simple, easy-to-learn syntax can mislead Python developers – especially those who are newer to the language – into missing some of its subtleties and underestimating the power of the language.
In this article, Toptal’s Martin Chikilian presents a “top 10” list of somewhat subtle, harder-to-catch mistakes that can trip up even the most advanced Python developer.

Martin Chikilian
Martin is a full-stack engineer and has worked as a professional Python developer since 2007.
JavaScript Prototype Chains, Scope Chains, and Performance: What You Need to Know
JavaScript is much more nuanced than most developers initially realize. Even for those with more experience, some of JavaScript’s most salient features continue to be misunderstood and lead to confusion. One such feature, described in this article, is the way that property and variable lookups are performed and the resulting performance ramifications to be aware of.

Diego Castorina
Diego has been a senior freelance engineer for the likes of Italian telecom powerhouse Italtel. He also cofounded a web-based CRM business.
Buggy C# Code: The 10 Most Common Mistakes in C# Programming
C# is a powerful and flexible language with many mechanisms and paradigms that can greatly improve productivity. Having a limited understanding or appreciation of its capabilities, though, can leave one in the proverbial state of “knowing enough to be dangerous”. This article describes 10 of the most common programming mistakes made, or pitfalls to be avoided, by C# programmers.

Patrick Ryder
Pat (BMath/CS) helped create VB 1.0 and later the .NET platform while working at Microsoft. Since 2000, he’s focused on full-stack projects.
Most-read Articles

An Angular 5 Tutorial: Step by Step Guide to Your First Angular 5 App

Adobe XD vs. Sketch – Which UX Tool Is Right for You?

The History of Remote Work, 1560-Present (with Infographic) (Updated)
World-class articles, delivered weekly.
Toptal Developers
- Android Developers
- App Developers
- AWS Developers
- Azure Developers
- BigCommerce Developers
- Blockchain Developers
- Coders
- Database Developers
- Embedded Software Engineers
- Flutter Developers
- HTML5 Developers
- Java Developers
- Joomla Developers
- Kubernetes Developers
- Laravel Developers
- Magento Developers
- .NET Developers
- Next.js Developers
- Odoo Developers
- Outsourced Developers
- PHP Developers
- Power BI Developers
- Prototype Developers
- Python Developers
- React Developers
- React Native Developers
- Remote Developers
- Ruby on Rails Developers
- Salesforce Developers
- Security Engineers
- SharePoint Developers
- Shopify Developers
- Software Developers
- Squarespace Developers
- Startup Developers
- Svelte Developers
- Twilio Developers
- Vue.js Developers
- Web Developers
- Web Scraping Developers
- WooCommerce Developers
- WordPress Developers
- View More Freelance Developers
Toptal Designers
- Accessible Web Designers
- Adobe After Effects Designers
- Adobe Illustrator Experts
- CAD Designers
- Canva Designers
- Data Visualization Designers
- E-commerce UX Designers
- E-commerce Website Designers
- Fintech Designers
- Graphic Designers
- Illustrators
- Interactive Designers
- Landing Page Designers
- Logo Designers
- Mobile App Designers
- Mobile UX Designers
- Photoshop Experts
- Presentation Designers
- Product Designers
- Prototype Designers
- Responsive Web Designers
- Shopify Designers
- Startup Design Experts
- SVG Designers
- UI Designers
- UX Designers
- Web Designers
- Webflow Designers
- WooCommerce Designers
- View More Freelance Designers
Toptal Management Consultants
- 409A Valuation Consultants
- Bankruptcy Consultants
- Blockchain Consultants
- Business Consultants
- Business Plan Writers
- Cash Flow Consultants
- CFO Consultants
- Corporate Finance Consultants
- CPAs
- Crowdfunding Consultants
- Excel Experts
- Financial Consultants
- Financial Managers
- Financial Modelers
- Financial Planning Consultants
- Fintech Consultants
- FP&A Analysts
- Fractional CFOs
- Fractional COOs
- Fundraising Consultants
- Hedge Fund Consultants
- Interim CFOs
- Interim COOs
- Interim Financial Controllers
- M&A Consultants
- Market Research Analysts
- McKinsey Consultants
- Part-time CFOs
- Pitch Deck Consultants
- Pricing Consultants
- Private Equity Consultants
- Quantitative Analysts
- Salesforce Consultants
- Small Business Operations Consultants
- Startup Consultants
- Startup Funding Consultants
- Stock Market Experts
- Tax Professionals
- Virtual CFOs
- View More Freelance Consultants
Toptal Project Managers
- Agile Coaches
- Agile Consultants
- Agile Team Leads
- Blockchain Project Managers
- Business Delivery Managers
- Delivery Managers
- Digital Project Managers
- E-commerce Project Managers
- ITIL Certified Service Delivery Managers
- Jira Experts
- Mobile Project Managers
- Monday.com Experts
- PMP Project Managers
- Program Managers
- Project Management Consultants
- Scrum Coaches
- Scrum Masters
- Solutions Architects
- Startup Project Managers
- Waterfall Project Managers
- Web Project Managers
- Wrike Consultants
- View More Freelance Project Managers
Toptal Product Managers
- Agile Product Managers
- App Product Managers
- Artificial Intelligence Product Managers
- Business Analysts
- Contract Product Managers
- Data Product Managers
- Digital Product Managers
- E-commerce Product Managers
- Finance Product Managers
- Fractional CIOs
- Ideation Consultants
- Interim CPOs
- Outsourced Product Management Professionals
- Principal Product Managers
- Product Consultants
- Product Development Managers
- Product Leaders
- Product Management Consultants
- Remote Product Managers
- Robotics Product Managers
- Scrum Product Managers
- Scrum Product Owners
- Virtual Product Managers
- View More Freelance Product Managers
Toptal Marketing Experts
- Amazon SEO Experts
- Blog Writers
- Community Managers
- Content Managers
- Conversion Rate Optimization Experts
- Copy Editors
- Copywriters
- Customer Journey Mapping Consultants
- Digital Marketers
- Digital Media Specialists
- Display Ads Specialists
- E-commerce Consultants
- E-commerce Marketers
- Event Marketers
- Event Planners
- Fractional CMOs
- Google AdSense Experts
- Google Ads Experts
- Influencer Marketers
- Integrated Marketing Strategists
- Local SEO Experts
- Mailchimp Experts
- On-page SEO Experts
- PPC Experts
- Press Release Writers
- Salesforce Pardot Consultants
- SEO Audit Specialists
- SEO Copywriters
- SEO Experts
- Shopify SEO Experts
- Social Media Managers
- Social Media Marketers
- Video Editors
- Wordpress SEO Experts
- View More Freelance Marketers
Join the Toptal® community.











