Toptal Blog

The Toptal Blog is the top hub for developers, designers, management consultants, executives, and entrepreneurs, featuring key technology updates, tutorials, freelancer resources, and management insights.

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Toptal core team members share their experience, expertise, and perspectives on the Toptal Edge Blog

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An Introduction to Computability Theory and Complexity

What is a computer? What are the limitations of a computer? Are there problems that a computer cannot solve?

In this article, Toptal Freelance Software Engineer Mehmet Bajin explores the fundamentals of computation and the impact they have on computability and complexity.

14-minute readContinue Reading
Mehmet Bajin

Mehmet Bajin

With experience at Google, Exxon, and a Master’s in CS, Mehmet’s deep expertise serves him well as a full-stack javascript developer.

Pearls of Wisdom—The Best Shareholder Letters Nobody Is Reading

Equity analysts often leave out an important source of wisdom when analyzing companies—the annual shareholder letter. This article intends to elucidate the purpose and traits of good shareholder letters based on an analysis of the 601 companies in the S&P SmallCap 600 Index. The article will also direct readers to some of the best lesser-known shareholder letters to put on their annual reading list.

19-minute readContinue Reading
Elizabeth J. Howell Hanano, CFA

Elizabeth J. Howell Hanano, CFA

Elizabeth began her career as an equity analyst and brings a deep understanding of how to unlock value within companies, big and small.

30 Days of Design: A Branding Case Study

We’ve all picked up design projects that required us to deliver outstanding results under severe time constraints. This branding case study breaks down the process of how to accomplish it effectively.

12-minute readContinue Reading
Ivona Petrovic

Ivona Petrovic

Ivona specializes in all facets of web, from UX/UI to branding and illustration. She values learning and transparent communication.

Clean Code: Why HTML/CSS Essentials Still Matter

In this article, Toptal Freelance Software Engineer Tigran Vardanyan covers code styling, essential HTML and CSS practices, and why clean code still matters.

15-minute readContinue Reading
Tigran Vardanyan

Tigran Vardanyan

Tigran is an experienced front-end developer with a passion for clean and performant CSS code. He likes to keep it simple and fast.

Augmented Reality vs. Virtual Reality vs. Mixed Reality: An Introductory Guide

Despite having many things in common, virtual, augmented, and mixed reality are not the same. Learn the essential differentiators and design considerations for these promising cousin technologies.

11-minute readContinue Reading
Tidjane Tall

Tidjane Tall

Tidjane is a UX/UI design leader who connects user’s needs and goals to deliver strategic solutions for companies like Adobe and Google.

What Is Sales Forecasting?

Forecasting sales is an activity often performed inaccurately, with growth figures either being anchored around a target of “inflation + x” or an unrealistic round number plucked from thin air. In this tutorial, we explain the process of sales forecasting and how a correct process can help businesses in other areas, beyond just setting top-line targets.

8-minute readContinue Reading
Toptal Research

Toptal Research

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How to Choose the Right Pricing Strategy for Your Business

Pricing a product or service is a delicate art, there are many options to choose and the optimal one is never set in stone. In this tutorial, we run down some of the popular methods and how you can select the most appropriate strategy for your business.

11-minute readContinue Reading
Toptal Research

Toptal Research

Database Design Bad Practices: Are You Making These Mistakes?

Flaws in your database design are like cracks in your application’s foundations. If left unchecked, trying to fix them down the line will be costly to say the least.

In this article, Toptal Freelance Software Engineer Fernando Martinez discusses some of the most common database design bad practices and how to avoid them.

8-minute readContinue Reading
Fernando Martinez

Fernando Martinez

Fernando is a veteran systems and computing engineer with 30 years of experience. He has developed in Java, C#, SQL Server, and more.

Theming with Sass: An SCSS Tutorial

When it comes to theming; that is, changing the look and feel of your website while maintaining the same layout, Sass’ features—like mixins or functions—can feel like taking a plane instead of walking! In this tutorial on SCSS, we’re going to create a minimal theme and use SCSS to give our CSS programming some superpowers.

< 5-minute readContinue Reading
Fernando Rivas

Fernando Rivas

Fernando has 10+ years of experience in front-end development, first working for his own company, then as a freelancer and an employee.

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